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QIS: A Framework for Biomedical Database Federation

Affiliations of the authors: Center for Medical Informatics (LM, PLM, PN), Department of Anesthesiology (LM, PLM, PN), Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (PLM), Department of Neurobiology (GS), Yale University, New Haven, CT; and Turboworx, Inc., (T-YW) Shelton, CT.

Correspondence and reprints: Luis Marenco, MD, Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208009, New Haven, CT 06520-8009; e-mail: <luis.marenco{at}yale.edu>.

Received for publication: 11/24/03; accepted for publication: 06/23/04.

Query Integrator System (QIS) is a database mediator framework intended to address robust data integration from continuously changing heterogeneous data sources in the biosciences. Currently in the advanced prototype stage, it is being used on a production basis to integrate data from neuroscience databases developed for the SenseLab project at Yale University with external neuroscience and genomics databases. The QIS framework uses standard technologies and is intended to be deployable by administrators with a moderate level of technological expertise: It comes with various tools, such as interfaces for the design of distributed queries. The QIS architecture is based on a set of distributed network-based servers, data source servers, integration servers, and ontology servers, that exchange metadata as well as mappings of both metadata and data elements to elements in an ontology. Metadata version difference determination coupled with decomposition of stored queries is used as the basis for partial query recovery when the schema of data sources alters.

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