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First published April 2, 2004 as JAMIA PrePrint; doi:10.1197/jamia.M1425
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2004;11(4):285-293
© 2004 American Medical Informatics Association

A more recent version of this article appeared on July 1, 2004
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Submitted on July 15, 2003
Accepted on February 4, 2004

Structured representation of the pharmacodynamics section of the summary of product characteristics for antibiotics; application for automated extraction and visualization of their antimicrobial activity spectra

Catherine Duclos PharmD, PhD1*, Gian Luigi Cartolano MD2, Michael Ghez MD1, and Alain Venot MD, PhD1

Affiliation of the authors: 1 Laboratoire d'informatique medicale et de bioinformatique (LIM&BIO), UFR Sante, Medecine, Biologie Humaine, Universite Paris 13, Bobigny, France; 2 Laboratoire de microbiologie, CHI Saint Germain/Poissy, Saint Germain en Laye, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Objective To construct automatically a knowledge base concerning the pharmacodynamic properties of antibiotics, and a visualization tool.

Design We studied the various guidelines used to write the pharmacodynamics section of the summary of product characteristics (SPC) for antibiotics and constructed a conceptual model of the information. Particular words, syntagms and punctuation elements were marked in the SPC texts, and automatic extraction was then used to build a knowledge base. This base was used to create dynamic HTML tables displaying the activity spectra of the antibiotics.

Measurements We analyzed the performances of automatic extraction (recall and precision).

Results The conceptual pharmacodynamics model dealt with antibiotics, pathogens, susceptibility tests and the prevalence of resistance. Automatic extraction had a recall rate of 97.9% and a precision of 96.2%. The tool displaying antibiotic spectra and resistance prevalences used color codes to identify differences in susceptibility.

Conclusion This tool can provide an overview of the prevalence of resistance as expressed in SPC in primary care settings. Its potential impact should be evaluated.






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