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Submitted on January 13, 2004
Accepted on May 21, 2004
Affiliation of the authors: 1 VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA; 2 Stanford Medical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Information technology can support the implementation of clinical research findings in practice settings. Technology can address the quality gap in health care by providing automated decision support to clinicians that integrates guideline knowledge with electronic patient data to present real-time, patient specific recommendations. However, technical success in implementing decision support systems may not translate directly into system use by clinicians. Successful technology integration into clinical work settings requires explicit attention to the organizational context. We describe the application of a sociotechnical approach to integration of ATHENA DSS, a decision support system for treatment of hypertension, into geographically dispersed primary care clinics. We applied iterative technical design in response to organizational input and obtained ongoing endorsements of the project by the organization's administrative and clinical leadership. Conscious attention to organizational context at the time of development, deployment, and maintenance of the system was associated with extensive clinician use of the system.
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